{"id":639,"date":"2020-02-17T05:29:36","date_gmt":"2020-02-17T05:29:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/coehumnet.wpengine.com\/?page_id=639"},"modified":"2024-05-26T22:10:41","modified_gmt":"2024-05-26T22:10:41","slug":"urban-traffic","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/","title":{"rendered":"Urban Traffic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Research Members<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/people\/abdullah-alhadlaq\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1351\">Abdullah Alhadlaq<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/aparimit-kasliwal\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1394\">Aparimit Kasliwal<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/kdd.isti.cnr.it\/people\/cornacchia-giuliano\">Giuliano Cornacchia<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/lukas-amb%C3%BChl-9b7a24157\/\">Lukas Amb\u00fchl<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video aligncenter\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1280 \/ 720;\" width=\"1280\" autoplay controls loop src=\"http:\/\/coehumnet.wpengine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/LA-Traffic.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">Study case in LA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This work focuses on traffic congestion and unifies different approaches, perspectives, and fields&nbsp; into a single science of traffic. A century passed the age of the automobile, traffic networks have&nbsp; been described as engines of global growth and prosperity. However, their uninformed expansion&nbsp; is a leading cause of pollution and other negative externalities. The collapse of the traffic network,&nbsp; i.e. network-wide congestion, causes a loss in social and economic opportunities and increased&nbsp; carbon emissions; however, it is common across cities worldwide. In our endeavor towards greener&nbsp; and more livable cities, a clear understanding of traffic network congestion is necessary, to&nbsp; simplify science informed policy. A unified science of traffic networks facilitates the planning of&nbsp; cities from a social, environmental, and economic perspective.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Current models of urban traffic congestion implement either a network level or link level&nbsp; perspective. Both perspectives have proven useful in understanding urban traffic congestion &#8211; the&nbsp; network level perspective capturing the aggregated global system dynamics and the link level&nbsp; perspective accounting for the dynamics of individual roads. Despite the abundance of literature&nbsp; on both perspectives, they have not yet been unified into a single science of traffic consistently&nbsp; describing the dynamics of the congestion at both scales simultaneously. Traffic research combines&nbsp; diverse fields such as engineering, city planning, and physics. This has resulted in different fields&nbsp; preferring different analysis metrics which further hampers communication and research cohesion. In this work, we address these issues by connecting the two perspectives (link and network) for&nbsp; five major cities worldwide: Boston, Los Angeles, and San Francisco Bay Area in the United&nbsp; States, Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, and Lisbon in Portugal. We begin by modeling the traffic networks&nbsp; through state-of-the-art simulations spanning an extended morning traffic peak.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video aligncenter\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1280 \/ 720;\" width=\"1280\" autoplay controls loop src=\"http:\/\/coehumnet.wpengine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Rio-Traffic.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">Study case in Rio de Janeiro<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We then assess and connect different approaches and perspectives used by various fields to study&nbsp; traffic. In particular, we uncover a correspondence between <em>network level <\/em>traffic performance&nbsp; measures including the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) as discussed by Helbing in <em>Eur.&nbsp; Phys. J. B <\/em><strong>70, <\/strong>229-241 (2009) and the flow over capacity measure as proposed by \u00c7olak et al.&nbsp; in <em>Nature Comm. <\/em><strong>7<\/strong>:10793 (2016). Due to its ability to assess the network state with minimal data,&nbsp; the MFD has received a lot of attention by traffic engineers since it allows to parsimoniously&nbsp; model, manage, and optimize traffic in urban networks. On the other hand, \\Gamma, as proposed&nbsp; by network scientists, measures traffic network efficiency in terms of vehicles-travelled&nbsp; kilometers, thus appealing to urban planners. Therefore, by combining these measures, we unify&nbsp; efforts by different fields to understand and model traffic at the network level into a single&nbsp; actionable framework.Study case in Rio de Janeiro<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/XtRTjnvQ9yVThOlo3ZMKwgrvuwRwUXSBqdThfrc08yUdRelPK3XJAdfnulM35rAxp7W59ZTmelMuQp3D93FvNCyDkH6L_NRs4utTJDZbeukSVamKXgor98eq_tPwW_h7D0290pZj\" width=\"497\" height=\"304\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong> Examples of link and network level perspectives compared.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Building upon this unification process, we use percolation theory, inspired by Li et al. in <em>PNAS&nbsp; <\/em><strong>112<\/strong>, 669-672 (2015), to characterize the growth of link level congestion from small isolated&nbsp; pockets of congestion to the sudden emergence of a single giant connected cluster of congestion.&nbsp; We then correlate this process with the evolution of the network level measures. Through this, for&nbsp; the first time, we directly connect the link level and network level perspectives as well as uncover&nbsp; the deeper meaning of features observed in the network level measures. Furthermore, because&nbsp; percolation is a tool for assessing network resilience, our results have the potential to enable planners to take advantage of the minimal data requirements of the network level measures to&nbsp; assess road network resilience. While traffic is typically studied with urban planning in mind, the&nbsp; actual impact of traffic congestion is on individual drivers. Thus, we relate our network level&nbsp; measures to their impact on individual drivers through the average percent congestion (equivalent&nbsp; to the TomTom Traffic Index). This process reveals a universal relationship which holds between&nbsp; cities around the world and should allow the same sparse network level data and resiliency models&nbsp; to be translated to the average driver.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each of these results is interesting in its own right; when combined their implications are even&nbsp; more significant. The unification of perspectives, approaches and fields of study into a single&nbsp; <em>Science of Traffic <\/em>updates our understanding of urban traffic substantially. It allows traffic&nbsp; scientists to draw on knowledge from a coherent set of models and approaches and to communicate&nbsp; their results more efficiently to other researchers in the field.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-larger-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Publications<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-regular-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Amb\u00fchl, L., Menendez, M., &amp; Gonz\u00e1lez, M. C. (2023). Understanding congestion propagation by combining percolation theory with the macroscopic fundamental diagram. <em>Communications Physics,<\/em> 6(1), 26. [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42005-023-01144-w\">Paper<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Understanding_congestion_propagation_by_combining_percolation_theory_with_the_macroscopic_fundamental_diagram.pdf\" data-type=\"attachment\" data-id=\"1311\">PDF<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Olmos, Luis E., Serdar \u00c7olak, Sajjad Shafiei, Meead Saberi, and Marta C. Gonz\u00e1lez. \u201cMacroscopic dynamics and the collapse of urban traffic.\u201d <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/em> 115, no. 50 (2018): 12654-12661. [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/doi\/full\/10.1073\/pnas.1800474115\">Paper<\/a>][<a href=\"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/olmos-et-al-2018-macroscopic-dynamics-and-the-collapse-of-urban-traffic.pdf\">PDF<\/a>]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research Members: Abdullah Alhadlaq, Aparimit Kasliwal, Giuliano Cornacchia, Lukas Amb\u00fchl Study case in LA This work focuses on traffic congestion and unifies different approaches, perspectives, and fields&nbsp; into a single science of traffic. A century passed the age of the automobile, traffic networks have&nbsp; been described as engines of global growth and prosperity. However, their&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":100,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-639","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Urban Traffic - HuMNet Lab<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Urban Traffic - HuMNet Lab\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Research Members: Abdullah Alhadlaq, Aparimit Kasliwal, Giuliano Cornacchia, Lukas Amb\u00fchl Study case in LA This work focuses on traffic congestion and unifies different approaches, perspectives, and fields&nbsp; into a single science of traffic. A century passed the age of the automobile, traffic networks have&nbsp; been described as engines of global growth and prosperity. However, their&hellip;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"HuMNet Lab\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-26T22:10:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/XtRTjnvQ9yVThOlo3ZMKwgrvuwRwUXSBqdThfrc08yUdRelPK3XJAdfnulM35rAxp7W59ZTmelMuQp3D93FvNCyDkH6L_NRs4utTJDZbeukSVamKXgor98eq_tPwW_h7D0290pZj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/\",\"name\":\"Urban Traffic - HuMNet Lab\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/XtRTjnvQ9yVThOlo3ZMKwgrvuwRwUXSBqdThfrc08yUdRelPK3XJAdfnulM35rAxp7W59ZTmelMuQp3D93FvNCyDkH6L_NRs4utTJDZbeukSVamKXgor98eq_tPwW_h7D0290pZj\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-02-17T05:29:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-26T22:10:41+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/XtRTjnvQ9yVThOlo3ZMKwgrvuwRwUXSBqdThfrc08yUdRelPK3XJAdfnulM35rAxp7W59ZTmelMuQp3D93FvNCyDkH6L_NRs4utTJDZbeukSVamKXgor98eq_tPwW_h7D0290pZj\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/XtRTjnvQ9yVThOlo3ZMKwgrvuwRwUXSBqdThfrc08yUdRelPK3XJAdfnulM35rAxp7W59ZTmelMuQp3D93FvNCyDkH6L_NRs4utTJDZbeukSVamKXgor98eq_tPwW_h7D0290pZj\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Projects\",\"item\":\"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Urban Traffic\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/\",\"name\":\"HuMNet Lab\",\"description\":\"University of California, Berkeley\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/#organization\",\"name\":\"HuMNet Lab\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/humnet-logo-orange-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/humnet-logo-orange-1.png\",\"width\":240,\"height\":57,\"caption\":\"HuMNet Lab\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Urban Traffic - HuMNet Lab","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Urban Traffic - HuMNet Lab","og_description":"Research Members: Abdullah Alhadlaq, Aparimit Kasliwal, Giuliano Cornacchia, Lukas Amb\u00fchl Study case in LA This work focuses on traffic congestion and unifies different approaches, perspectives, and fields&nbsp; into a single science of traffic. A century passed the age of the automobile, traffic networks have&nbsp; been described as engines of global growth and prosperity. However, their&hellip;","og_url":"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/","og_site_name":"HuMNet Lab","article_modified_time":"2024-05-26T22:10:41+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/XtRTjnvQ9yVThOlo3ZMKwgrvuwRwUXSBqdThfrc08yUdRelPK3XJAdfnulM35rAxp7W59ZTmelMuQp3D93FvNCyDkH6L_NRs4utTJDZbeukSVamKXgor98eq_tPwW_h7D0290pZj","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/","url":"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/","name":"Urban Traffic - HuMNet Lab","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/XtRTjnvQ9yVThOlo3ZMKwgrvuwRwUXSBqdThfrc08yUdRelPK3XJAdfnulM35rAxp7W59ZTmelMuQp3D93FvNCyDkH6L_NRs4utTJDZbeukSVamKXgor98eq_tPwW_h7D0290pZj","datePublished":"2020-02-17T05:29:36+00:00","dateModified":"2024-05-26T22:10:41+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/XtRTjnvQ9yVThOlo3ZMKwgrvuwRwUXSBqdThfrc08yUdRelPK3XJAdfnulM35rAxp7W59ZTmelMuQp3D93FvNCyDkH6L_NRs4utTJDZbeukSVamKXgor98eq_tPwW_h7D0290pZj","contentUrl":"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/XtRTjnvQ9yVThOlo3ZMKwgrvuwRwUXSBqdThfrc08yUdRelPK3XJAdfnulM35rAxp7W59ZTmelMuQp3D93FvNCyDkH6L_NRs4utTJDZbeukSVamKXgor98eq_tPwW_h7D0290pZj"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/urban-traffic\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Projects","item":"http:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/projects\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Urban Traffic"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/#website","url":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/","name":"HuMNet Lab","description":"University of California, Berkeley","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/#organization","name":"HuMNet Lab","url":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/humnet-logo-orange-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/humnet-logo-orange-1.png","width":240,"height":57,"caption":"HuMNet Lab"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/639","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=639"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/639\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/100"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/humnetlab.berkeley.edu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=639"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}